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Anesthesia Anesthesia

What is it actually?

Anesthesia comes from the ancient Greek “anarkosis or narkosi” and means

"to put you to sleep".

But people don't just sleep.

Pinch or poke your partner in their sleep, he'll tell you something.

So what's really going on here? So what is anesthesia?

1. Loss of consciousness (hypnosis)
2. Elimination of pain (analgesia)
3. Loss of memory (amnesia)
4. Muscle relaxation (relaxation)
These 4 things are necessary for general anesthesia, in which the patient is continuously ventilated and the circulation is monitored got to.
The most common type of anesthesia we find is

injection anesthesia  .

The individual agents are injected into a vein and the anesthesia can be controlled in terms of its depth and length.
A disadvantage of this form of anesthesia is that you cannot end the anesthesia at short notice and therefore sleep can take a very long time.

Often, however, anesthesia is only started as an injection anesthesia and then continued as an 

inhalation anesthesia 

.
This means that everything is done first as with injection anesthesia, but then the sleeping pill is replaced by a gas and fed through the airways.
The advantages are that the anesthesia is very controllable and can be ended quickly, the pain reliever can and should usually continue to work for a long time and the muscle relaxation can be antagonized (canceled).


Local anesthesia

Here only the painkiller is applied to the area to be operated on in order to make it painless for a certain period of time.
A light sedative is often given beforehand.
This form of anesthesia is of course only suitable for small, superficial operations.


Surface

anesthesia This form of anesthesia is used very often in ear, nose, throat and eye surgery.
The anesthetic is applied by means of drops or sprays to ensure freedom from pain. E.g. eye pressure measurement.
This form of anesthesia is also only suitable for very small interventions.


Epidural anesthesia

This type should be known to many women as spinal cord anesthesia because it is often used during childbirth.
But it is also used in many other operations where you want to have a total elimination below the iliac crest.
For example, during hemorrhoid surgery, etc.
The main advantage is that you can put a small catheter (epidural catheter) over which you can then inject a painkiller for a long time, for several days, if necessary.


Conduction anesthesia

Here, the main nerve of a limb is numbed and the entire subsequent area is switched off.
For example, the plexus nerve in the upper arm is anesthetized and the hand can be operated on for hours, because here, too, the agent can be injected at any time via a catheter.
This form of anesthesia is also very little stressful for the body.


The art of the doctor, in this case the anesthetist, is now to find out the correct form and type of anesthesia for his patient and it does not matter. Whether it is a human or a DOG.
Basically the same thing is possible with both, but in a normal small animal practice the possibilities are very limited.
The same of course also applies to normal surgical human medical practice.

In both cases the anesthetist will limit himself to HIS anesthesia and therefore not every operation can be carried out in every practice.
Here you should ask very carefully beforehand and have a detailed discussion.

It makes a huge difference whether I operate on a young, strong, perfectly healthy person or whether it is an old person with a number of previous illnesses.

In the same way, it makes a considerable difference whether it is a dachshund or a mastiff, whether the dog is old and sick, or young and very healthy.

All of this makes many different devices necessary for monitoring, which are very complex to operate and also very expensive.


The question of all questions

What is the  "best anesthetic"
There is no such thing as the  "correct anesthetic"

. You are there to find out, only you can give the doctor all the information he needs to know the "correct anesthetic" to choose.

If you are of the opinion during this conversation that he is not 100% sure, then ask him what he would choose for an anesthetic for his family member or for his dog in this case and you will choose that too, even if it is perhaps the most expensive option.
The price difference is around +/- 50 euros.

What is the current situation
 

 Based on a  "general anesthetic"  you still need a

sleeping pill (hypnoticum) a
pain reliever (analgesic) and
muscle relaxation (relaxation) can be canceled out (antagonized)

Most common:

Ketanest + diazepam + gas
Advantage:
Short half-life, approx. 30 min.
raises the blood pressure a little
can be given in dogs that are not sober and
is actually a

disadvantage for everything :
heavy salivation,
bad dreams, dog can bite
high sensitivity to noise

On the rise:

Propofol + painkillers + diazepam
Advantage:
very short half-life, approx. 7-10 minutes,
very well controllable

Disadvantage:
rhythm disturbances
Blood pressure drop

Very strong on the rise :

 

Propofol + Ketanest

Advantage:
both can be dosed very low
Neutral blood pressure
Breathing remains As far as possible,
very short half-life
hardly any side effects
very well controllable and easy to extend

Disadvantage:
Dog is a bit jumpy for about 1-2 hours and can snap shut.